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Apache Web Server Installation and Configuration

Apache Web Server Installation and Configuration

Overview

This page provides instructions for setting up and configuring Apache on buzz.deome.net. It includes steps for installing Apache, configuring virtual hosts for multiple sites, securing with SSL certificates, and basic performance tuning.

1. Apache Installation

  1. Update System Packages:

    • Start by updating the package list and upgrading existing packages: 
      sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

  2. Install Apache:

    • Install Apache with the following command: 
      sudo apt install apache2 -y

  3. Start and Enable Apache:

    • Start the Apache service and enable it to run on boot: 
      sudo systemctl start apache2
sudo systemctl enable apache2

  4. Verify Installation:

    • Check the Apache status to ensure it’s running: 
      sudo systemctl status apache2

2. Basic Apache Configuration

  1. Main Configuration File:

    • The main Apache configuration file is located at: 
      /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

  2. Enable Recommended Modules:

    • Enable commonly used modules: 
      sudo a2enmod rewrite ssl headers
    • Restart Apache to apply the changes: 
      sudo systemctl restart apache2

3. Setting Up Virtual Hosts

  1. Create a New Virtual Host:

    • For each site, create a configuration file in /etc/apache2/sites-available/. For example, for wiki.deome.net: 
      sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/wiki.deome.net.conf
    • Add the following configuration: 
      <VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerName wiki.deome.net
  DocumentRoot /var/www/wiki
  <Directory /var/www/wiki>
      AllowOverride All
  </Directory>
  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wiki_error.log
  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wiki_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

  2. Enable the Virtual Host:

    • Use a2ensite to enable each virtual host: 
      sudo a2ensite wiki.deome.net.conf
    • Reload Apache to apply changes: 
      sudo systemctl reload apache2

  3. Repeat for Additional Sites:

    • Create similar configuration files for gallery.deome.net, buzz.deome.net, and any other sites you plan to host.

4. SSL Configuration with Let’s Encrypt

  1. Install Certbot:

    • Install Certbot to automate SSL certificate generation: 
      sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache -y

  2. Generate SSL Certificates:

    • Use Certbot to obtain SSL certificates for each virtual host: 
      sudo certbot --apache -d wiki.deome.net
sudo certbot --apache -d gallery.deome.net
    • Certbot will automatically configure SSL for the specified domains.

  3. Set Up Auto-Renewal:

    • To ensure certificates renew automatically: 
      sudo certbot renew --dry-run

5. Performance and Optimization

  1. Adjust Apache Settings:

    • Open the main Apache configuration file: 
      sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
    • Consider modifying these settings under the mpm_prefork_module or mpm_worker_module: 
      KeepAlive On
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
KeepAliveTimeout 5

  2. Enable Caching:

    • Install and enable Apache caching modules if desired: 
      sudo a2enmod cache
sudo a2enmod cache_disk
sudo systemctl restart apache2

  3. Optimize Logging:

    • Adjust log levels or configure centralized logging if needed. Logging configuration is in each virtual host file and /etc/apache2/apache2.conf.

6. Maintenance and Monitoring

  1. Monitor Apache Status:

    • Check Apache’s status periodically: 
      sudo systemctl status apache2

  2. Check Logs:

    • Access logs for each virtual host in /var/log/apache2/, e.g.: 
      sudo tail -f /var/log/apache2/wiki_access.log
sudo tail -f /var/log/apache2/wiki_error.log

  3. Restarting Apache:

    • Restart Apache after any configuration changes: 
      sudo systemctl restart apache2

This wiki page provides a thorough guide for Apache installation, virtual host setup, SSL configuration, and performance tuning. Let me know if you’d like any additional details or further customization for your setup!

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